Session L5

ISDN user-network call control: SETUP, CALL PROCEEDING, ALERTING, CONNECT, DISCONNECT, RELEASE. Information elements carry bearer capabil…

ITU umbrella for packet multimedia: H.225.0 call signaling/RAS, H.245 media control, and RTP/RTCP media. Gatekeepers provide admission an…

Text-based signaling for creating and managing sessions. Methods (INVITE, ACK, BYE, REGISTER…) and response codes resemble HTTP; SDP bodi…

Textual session description: media lines, codecs (rtpmap/fmtp), ICE candidates, and direction attributes. Carried in SIP, WebRTC, and MGC…

Platform-independent industrial information model with secure channels, sessions, subscriptions, and monitored items. Binary UA-TCP and H…

Transaction and dialogue layer over SCCP for intelligent-network and mobile services. Begin/Continue/End/Abort components carry MAP, CAP,…

Media Gateway Control Protocol in which Call Agents issue CRCX/MDCX/DLCX and signal requests to subordinate media gateways. SDP in the te…

H.248/Megaco media-gateway control using terminations, contexts, and descriptors for large carrier gateways. It succeeds MGCP conceptuall…

Cisco Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP) for phone registration and call control toward CUCM. Station messages drive lamp, ringer, and…

Interactive Connectivity Establishment gathers local, reflexive, and relay candidates, then runs STUN checks to pick working media paths.…

Application-defined signaling — often SIP, or JSON over WebSocket — that exchanges SDP offers/answers and ICE candidates for WebRTC peers…

H.323 call signaling and RAS: Q.931-derived Setup/Alerting/Connect on the Call Signaling Channel plus gatekeeper discovery/registration. …

H.323 multimedia control protocol for capability exchange, master/slave determination, and logical channel open/close. Fast Start and H.2…

Multiplexed binary framing over a single TLS/TCP connection with streams, HPACK headers, and flow-control windows. It underpins gRPC and …

Transport Layer Security provides a record layer and handshake for confidentiality and integrity on TCP apps. Certificates, AEAD ciphers,…

Datagram Transport Layer Security adapts TLS to unreliable transports with retransmission, explicit sequence numbers, and record epochs. …